2026 comparison
Paris vs Toulouse: 2026 comparison
Paris has more inhabitants than Toulouse: 2,119,412 versus 519,940, or 4.1 times as many. Toulouse covers a larger area (118 km² versus 105 km²), but Paris is more densely populated: 20,108 inhabitants per km² versus 4,395.
The median apartment price is higher in Paris: €10,116 per m² versus €3,295. The median standard of living is higher in Paris (€33,650 a year versus €24,500).
The two cities are 589 km apart as the crow flies.
Paris
City in Paris
- Population
- 2,119,412 inhab.
- 1st in France
- Area
- 105 km²
- Density
- 20,108 per km²
Toulouse
City in Haute-Garonne
- Population
- 519,940 inhab.
- 4th in France · 1st in its department
- Area
- 118 km²
- Density
- 4,395 per km²
Population
Population and demographics
Municipal population since 1876
ParisToulouse
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population inhab.More populous: Paris4.1 times as high | 2,119,412 | 519,940 | More populous: Paris4.1 times as high |
| Change over 5 yearsStronger growth: Toulouse+9.1 pts | −3.3% | +5.7% | Stronger growth: Toulouse+9.1 pts |
| Change over 10 yearsStronger growth: Toulouse+18 pts | −5.6% | +12.3% | Stronger growth: Toulouse+18 pts |
| Density per km²Denser: Paris4.6 times as high | 20,108 | 4,395 | Denser: Paris4.6 times as high |
| Under 15More young people: Toulouse+1.0 pt | 12.8% | 13.8% | More young people: Toulouse+1.0 pt |
| 65 and overMore seniors: Paris+4.7 pts | 17.7% | 13.0% | More seniors: Paris+4.7 pts |
| People per householdLarger households: Paris+0.06 | 1.84 | 1.78 | Larger households: Paris+0.06 |
Sources: INSEE, official population figures, INSEE, censuses, INSEE, census
Housing
Real estate prices and housing
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median apartment price €/m²More expensive: Paris3.1 times as high | 10,116 | 3,295 | More expensive: Paris3.1 times as high |
| Median house price €/m²More expensive: Paris3.7 times as high | 13,990 | 3,800 | More expensive: Paris3.7 times as high |
| Apartment rent €/m² per month, utilities includedMore expensive: Paris2.3 times as high | 32.1 | 14.0 | More expensive: Paris2.3 times as high |
| House rent €/m² per month, utilities includedMore expensive: Paris+92% | 24.7 | 12.9 | More expensive: Paris+92% |
| Homeowner householdsMore homeowners: Paris+1.1 pt | 33.2% | 32.2% | More homeowners: Paris+1.1 pt |
| Share of housesMore houses: Toulouse+14 pts | 0.8% | 15.0% | More houses: Toulouse+14 pts |
| Social housing (SRU law) share of primary residencesMore social housing: Paris+1.1 pt | 23.2% | 22.1% | More social housing: Paris+1.1 pt |
| Second homesMore second homes: Paris+5.9 pts | 9.9% | 4.0% | More second homes: Paris+5.9 pts |
| Vacant homesMore vacant homes: Paris+1.7 pt | 9.9% | 8.2% | More vacant homes: Paris+1.7 pt |
| Property tax (combined rate)Higher rate: Toulouse+28 pts | 21.21% | 49.67% | Higher rate: Toulouse+28 pts |
Sources: DGFiP (DVF), Ministry of Housing (rent map), INSEE, census, Ministry for the Ecological Transition (SRU), DGFiP, local taxation
Income and jobs
Residents’ income and jobs
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median standard of living €/yearHigher: Paris+37% | 33,650 | 24,500 | Higher: Paris+37% |
| Poverty rateHigher: Toulouse+7.2 pts | 16.8% | 24.0% | Higher: Toulouse+7.2 pts |
| Average taxable income per householdHigher: Paris2.0 times as high | €58,947 | €29,462 | Higher: Paris2.0 times as high |
| Households paying income taxMore taxpaying households: Paris+11 pts | 59% | 47% | More taxpaying households: Paris+11 pts |
| Activity rate (ages 15-64)Higher: Paris+6.0 pts | 78.8% | 72.8% | Higher: Paris+6.0 pts |
| Unemployment rate (census)Higher: Toulouse+3.8 pts | 10.5% | 14.3% | Higher: Toulouse+3.8 pts |
Sources: INSEE, Filosofi, DGFiP, income tax, INSEE, census
Local life
Town hall and fiber internet
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mayor | Emmanuel Grégoire | Jean-Luc Moudenc | |
| Political label of the mayor’s list (2026 local elections) | union of the left | miscellaneous right | |
| Premises with fiberBetter covered: Paris+2.5 pts | 96% | 93% | Better covered: Paris+2.5 pts |
Sources: Ministry of the Interior, register of elected officials, Ministry of the Interior, Arcep
Shops and facilities
Shops, leisure and transportation
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shops per 10,000 inhab.More shops per capita: Paris2.2 times as high | 126.026,708 in total | 56.72,946 in total | More shops per capita: Paris2.2 times as high |
| Food shops per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Paris+93% | 36.97,824 in total | 19.1995 in total | More per capita: Paris+93% |
| Restaurants per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Paris2.1 times as high | 98.720,911 in total | 47.32,460 in total | More per capita: Paris2.1 times as high |
| Sports facilities per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Toulouse2.1 times as high | 7.71,632 in total | 16.1838 in total | More per capita: Toulouse2.1 times as high |
| Cultural venues per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Paris+45% | 1.9402 in total | 1.368 in total | More per capita: Paris+45% |
| Hotels per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Paris4.2 times as high | 7.91,682 in total | 1.999 in total | More per capita: Paris4.2 times as high |
| Passenger train stationsMore stations: Paris+24 | 34 | 10 | More stations: Paris+24 |
Number of facilities per 10,000 inhabitants (total count in small print). Source: INSEE, facilities database (BPE)
Health
Health care
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Access to general practitioners visits/inhab./year localized potential accessibilityBetter access: Paris+25% | 5.5 | 4.4 | Better access: Paris+25% |
| General practitioners per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Paris+19% | 12.82,722 in total | 10.8559 in total | More per capita: Paris+19% |
| Medical specialists per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Paris+26% | 33.17,007 in total | 26.31,366 in total | More per capita: Paris+26% |
| Dentists per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Paris+23% | 11.52,446 in total | 9.3486 in total | More per capita: Paris+23% |
| Pharmacies per 10,000 inhab.More per capita: Paris+39% | 4.1864 in total | 2.9152 in total | More per capita: Paris+39% |
| HospitalsMore facilities: Paris+82 | 123 | 41 | More facilities: Paris+82 |
Practitioners and facilities per 10,000 inhabitants (total count in small print); access to doctors includes those in neighboring communes. Sources: Ministry of Health (DREES), APL, INSEE, facilities database (BPE), Ministry of Health (Finess)
Education
Schools and colleges
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary schoolsMore schools: Paris+612 | 833 | 221 | More schools: Paris+612 |
| Middle schoolsMore middle schools: Paris+179 | 230 | 51 | More middle schools: Paris+179 |
| High schoolsMore high schools: Paris+179 | 243 | 64 | More high schools: Paris+179 |
| Higher education institutions and programsMore facilities: Paris+609 | 778 | 169 | More facilities: Paris+609 |
Sources: Ministry of Education, INSEE, facilities database (BPE)
Recorded crime
Offenses recorded by the police
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Home burglaries per 1,000 homesHigher rate: Toulouse+26% | 5.1 | 6.4 | Higher rate: Toulouse+26% |
| Non-violent thefts per 1,000 inhab.Higher rate: Paris2.2 times as high | 45.1 | 20.5 | Higher rate: Paris2.2 times as high |
| Physical violence outside the family per 1,000 inhab.Higher rate: Paris+6% | 5.3 | 5.0 | Higher rate: Paris+6% |
| Vehicle thefts per 1,000 inhab.Higher rate: Toulouse+20% | 1.7 | 2.1 | Higher rate: Toulouse+20% |
| Vandalism and property damage per 1,000 inhab.Higher rate: Toulouse+28% | 9.0 | 11.5 | Higher rate: Toulouse+28% |
Offenses recorded in the commune by the police and gendarmerie, per 1,000 inhabitants (per 1,000 homes for burglaries); this is not the actual crime level. Rates for the latest published year. Source: Ministry of the Interior (SSMSI)
Climate
Temperature, sunshine and rain
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average temperatureWarmer: Toulouse+0.9 °C | 13.3°C | 14.2°C | Warmer: Toulouse+0.9 °C |
| Sunshine h/yearSunnier: Toulouse+21% | 1,717 | 2,075 | Sunnier: Toulouse+21% |
| Rainfall mm/yearWetter: Paris+6% | 667 | 627 | Wetter: Paris+6% |
| Rainy days days/year at least 1 mmMore rainy days: Paris+16 days/year | 112 | 96 | More rainy days: Paris+16 days/year |
| Frost days days/yearMore frost days: Toulouse+4 days/year | 22 | 27 | More frost days: Toulouse+4 days/year |
| Very hot days days/year 30 °C or moreMore hot days: Toulouse+13 days/year | 21 | 33 | More hot days: Toulouse+13 days/year |
Climate normals from the reference Météo-France station of each commune. Source: Météo-France, climate normals
Natural hazards
Natural disasters and prevention
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural disasters declared since 1982More declarations: Toulouse+28 | 20 | 48 | More declarations: Toulouse+28 |
| Natural hazard prevention plansMore plans: Toulouse+1 | 3 | 4 | More plans: Toulouse+1 |
| Radon potentialSame | Low | Low | Same |
Sources: Géorisques (GASPAR), IRSN
Land
Area, terrain and administrative areas
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Area km²Larger: Toulouse+12% | 105 | 118 | Larger: Toulouse+12% |
| Town hall elevationHigher: Toulouse+109 m | 34 m | 143 m | Higher: Toulouse+109 m |
| Coastal communeSame | No | No | Same |
| Density grid (INSEE)Same | Large urban centre | Large urban centre | Same |
| Department | Paris (75) | Haute-Garonne (31) | |
| Intercommunality | Métropole du Grand Paris | Toulouse Métropole | |
| Urban unit | Paris | Toulouse | |
| Functional area | Paris | Toulouse |
Sources: IGN, IGN, elevation, Ministry for the Ecological Transition, Loi Littoral, INSEE, density grid, INSEE, COG, INSEE, geographic classifications
Summary
Paris vs Toulouse at a glance
| Criterion | Paris | Toulouse |
|---|---|---|
| Population inhab. | 2,119,412 | 519,940 |
| Change over 10 years | −5.6% | +12.3% |
| Density per km² | 20,108 | 4,395 |
| Median apartment price €/m² | 10,116 | 3,295 |
| Median house price €/m² | 13,990 | 3,800 |
| Apartment rent €/m² | 32.1 | 14.0 |
| Property tax (combined rate) | 21.21% | 49.67% |
| Median standard of living €/year | 33,650 | 24,500 |
| Unemployment rate (census) | 10.5% | 14.3% |
| Premises with fiber | 96% | 93% |
| Access to general practitioners visits/inhab./year | 5.5 | 4.4 |
| Home burglaries per 1,000 homes | 5.1 | 6.4 |
| Average temperature | 13.3°C | 14.2°C |
| Sunshine h/year | 1,717 | 2,075 |
| Area km² | 105 | 118 |
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FAQ
Paris vs Toulouse: your questions
Which is the larger city, Paris or Toulouse?
By population, Paris: 2,119,412 inhabitants versus 519,940 for Toulouse (official population figures in force on January 1, 2026). Paris is the 1st largest city in France, Toulouse the 4th. By area, Toulouse is the larger (118 km²).
How far is Paris from Toulouse?
Paris and Toulouse are 589 km apart as the crow flies, between the centers of the two communes.
Where is real estate more expensive, in Paris or Toulouse?
To buy an apartment, Paris is more expensive: €10,116 per m² (median price), versus €3,295 in Toulouse (+207%). Median prices of sales over the last five years (DGFiP, DVF).
Where is the standard of living higher, in Paris or Toulouse?
In Paris, half of the residents have a standard of living above €33,650 a year, versus €24,500 in Toulouse (disposable income per consumption unit, INSEE).
Which city is sunnier, Paris or Toulouse?
Toulouse: 2,075 hours of sunshine a year on average, versus 1,717 in Paris (climate normals from the reference Météo-France station of each town).
Official population figures in force on January 1, 2026. Source: INSEE, official population figures